尾本康裕 Nihongo Web yomoto@nihongoweb.com
シュナイダー恵子 Saboten Web Design kschnei@sabotenweb.com
インターネット教材の利用は、遠隔教育にとどまらず、従来のクラスの補助教材として使われるようになってきている。この発表では、１）双方向的なウェッブ・サイトの活用例と２）教師が簡単にこのような教材を開発できるサービスを中心に紹介していきたい。
尾本はミシガン大学とカリフォルニア大学サンタクルーズ校におけるビジネス日本語のクラスで速読力向上の目的で、またシュナイダーは「あります」を練習する地図の練習サイトとオンライン日本語入門のサイトにて、ジャバスクリプトとダイナミックＨＴＭＬを利用して教材に活用している。
本来なら、このようなサイト開発はウェッブページ作成のためのＨＴＭＬ、簡単なプログラミング言語であるジャバスクリプトやスタイルシートなどの専門的な知識が必要であるが、そのような知識がなくとも教材が簡単に作れるオンラインサービスが現在ではたくさん出てきている。ハワイ大学のクイズメーカー、ミシガン州立大学のゲーム・オ・マテイック、スワースモア大学のメーカーズは、ＤＨＴＭＬを含めた様々な種類のアクティビティーを自動的に作成してくれる。これらは専門的な知識はないが、インターネットを十全に活用したいという現場にいる教師にとって非常に有効な手段ではないかと思われる。今回は、これらのサイトも使い時間の許す限り、実際のデモも含めて発表したいと思う。
This handouts can be seen at http://www.sabotenweb.com/conference/JLTANE2000
Materials on the internet are used not only for distance learning, but as an enhancement for regular face-to-face classes. In this presentation, 1) the examples of interactive web sites, and 2) the services that teachers can develop such materials easily, will be presented.
Omoto's example is his Business Japanese course at University of Michigan and University of California at Santa Cruz and it is used to practice speed reading. Schneider's examples are ﾒCyber Map Exerciseﾓ site, which practices ﾒarimasuﾓ and ﾒIntroduction to Japanese Onlineﾓ site. JavaScript and Dynamic HTML (DHTML) are used to apply interactivity.
Normally constructing such sites require computer scripting knowledge, such as JavaScript and Cascading Style Sheet (CSS). However there are services for educators to construct such interactive exercises without requiring any technicality. Examples are QuickMaker from University of Hawaii (now part of Discover School), Game-O-Matic from Michigan State University and Makers from Swarthmore College. These services are extremely useful for teachers who like to utilize interactive exercises without technical knowledge. We hope to demonstrate the creation using the services above as time permits.
One advantage to the internet materials is that students can work on the exercises as many as times they want. Also Web pages are based on hypertext, which can provide additional information. In other words, we used to have to consult dictionaries when we encounter unknown words, but now we can create links to definition, translation and usage. Also you can link to still images and videos. Web pages are written in simple markup language called HTML and it is easy to learn and there are numerous graphic editors to create Web pages without knowing HTML as well. However HTML pages are static and we need JavaScript to make them interactive. JavaScript is a simple script language, but it requires some computer programming knowledge (definition from NetLingo.com can be found at the end of the handouts). Understanding and writing JavaScript is beyond the expertise of Japanese language teachers. Luckily there are site and programs designed and geared towards educational usage of JavaScript.
Pop-up: http://www.sabotenweb.com/classes/rick/popup.html
SEATJ 2000: Research on Speed Reading Using Online Materials
インターネット上の日本語読解教材開発方法とその教育効果
http://www.iac.gatech.edu/modlangs/Japanese/SEATJ/2000/proceedings/
Hot Potatoes (officially not Japanese capable)
http://web.uvic.ca/hrd/halfbaked/
Please try to match English and Japanese. When you are right, the two words sit next to each other. If not, the word will be bounced back.You can click "Reload" to reposition the red words.
Made using Game-O-Matic from Michigan State University.
Instructions: Click on a blue tile, then another. If they disappear, they match. If they don't match, they'll flip back over.
Made using Makers from Swarthmore College
Funbrain (Japanese OK)
http://www.funbrain.com
Examples by Greg Dablestein of Brisbane Grammar School, Australia
Go to the site, secret word: BGSLOTE Quiz Name: Obentoo Unit 1
JavaScript Templates for Language Learning (Japanese OK)
http://deil.lang.uiuc.edu/JS4ll/templates/
Examples by Miyuki Fukai of Indiana University
http://php.indiana.edu/~mfukai/quizzes/index.html (English index)
http://php.indiana.edu/~mfukai/quizzes/jindex.html (Japanese index)
Knowledge Design: Instructional Resources. George Mitrevski
"http://www.auburn.edu/%7Emitrege/knowledge/index.html
Web Author
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/plc/larrc/webauthor.html
Web Practest
http://www.wm.edu/CAS/modlang/gasmit/webpractest/instructions.html
Javascript
A scripting language for Web pages. Scripts written with JavaScript can be embedded into HTML documents. With JavaScript you have many possibilities for enhancing your Web page with interesting elements. It makes it easy to respond to user initiated events (such as form input). Some effects that are now possible with JavaScript were once only possible with CGI. Javascript gives a developer the ability to create really sophisticated Web pages. Some computer languages are compiled, which means that you run your program through a compiler, and it performs a one-time translation of the human readable program into a binary that the computer can execute. JavaScript is an interpreted language, which means that the computer must evaluate the program each time it is run. Java and JavaScript are not the same thing. JavaScript was designed to resemble Java, which in turn looks a lot like C and C++. The difference is that Java was built as a general purpose object language, while JavaScript is intended to provide a quicker and simpler language for enhancing Web pages and servers.
DHTML Dynamic HTML
The next generation of HTML, the language that describes how text and images are displayed on a Web page. Dynamic HTML, developed by Netscape and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), is based entirely on industry-standard HTML and Java. New features in Dynamic HTML, such as absolute positioning and layers, give web designers and developers much greater control over the look and feel of Web pages.
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